Clear gelled antiperspirant stick composition

ABSTRACT

The invention provides stable, substantially anhydrous, transparent, gelled cosmetic compositions useful for the preparation of deodorant and antiperspirant sticks which are substantially free of lower, aliphatic, monohydroxy alcohols. The compositions contain dibenzylidene monosorbitol acetal as a gelling agent and are stabilized by the presence of an inorganic base.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser.No. 07/844,041 filed Mar. 2, 1992, now abandoned which is, in turn, acontinuation-in-part application based partly on each of applicationsserial numbers 07/700,378 and 07/700,381, both filed on May 3, 1991.Both of which are now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The cosmetic compositions of this invention are particularly useful forpreparing antiperspirant sticks and deodorant sticks.

2. Description of the Related Art

Gelled antiperspirant compositions for use in preparing transparentantiperspirant sticks are known. Typically, they will contain anantiperspirant, a solvent and a gelling agent, although otheringredients such as perfumes, coloring agents, antibacterial agents andemollients may be present.

Gelled deodorant compositions using sodium stearate and propylene glycolfor preparing non-transparent deodorant sticks are known. As deodorantsticks, they generally function in one of two ways. Either they containa strong fragrance such as a perfume which masks body odor caused bybacteria which multiply using perspiration as a nutrient medium, or theyprovide a hostile environment for bacterial growth because they containan anti-bacterial agent and they are strongly alkaline.

It is impossible to make acidic gelled sticks using sodium stearate andpropylene glycol base, because these compounds are not compatible withacidic antiperspirant salts. Sodium stearate no longer functions as agelling agent in propylene glycol at acidic pH. Therefore, commercialdeodorant sticks which have an acidic pH are not available except asopaque, antiperspirant sticks. Clear, transparent, deodorant stickshaving an acidic pH are not available due to formulation difficulties.

DBMSA (dibenzylidene monosorbitol acetal) is particularly favored as agelling agent in transparent gelled sticks. However, DBMSA is unstablein the presence of acids and hydrolyzes to form benzaldehyde.Benzaldehyde has an almond like odor which, while not necessarilyunpleasant, is undesirable because it indicates the hydrolyticdecomposition of DBMSA which is generally accompanied by decreased colorand odor stability.

Antiperspirant compositions contain astringent aluminum or zirconiumcompounds or complexes or mixtures thereof. Usually the aluminum orzirconium compounds will take the form of astringent salts.

Such compounds are of a class well known in the art. They are described,for example, in Miller and Hoag, Personal Care Products, Handbook ofNonprescription Drugs, 5th Ed., Chapter 19, pages 397-417 (AmericanPharmaceutical Association, 1986). Aluminum compounds are described inU.S. Pat. Nos. 3,887,692; 3,904,741 and 4,359,456; and in British PatentSpecifications 2,048,229 and 1,347,950. Zirconium compounds aredescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,679,068 and 4,120,948. All of thesecitations are incorporated herein by reference. Attention is alsodirected to the Antiperspirant OTC Monograph which disclosesantiperspirant salts commonly employed in antiperspirant compositions.

Many of the commonly employed aluminum or zirconium salts are acidicand, as aforesaid, DBMSA is unstable in acidic compositions. Much efforthas been expended to stabilize DBMSA in acidic compositions againsthydrolytic decomposition to benzaldehyde and other products.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,719,102 describes the use of various stabilizing agentssuch as N-(2-hydroxyethyl) fatty (C₈ -C₁₂) acid amide, magnesiumsulfate, zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetramine. The last three ofthese compounds are also described as stabilizers in U.S. Pat. Nos.4,518,582 and 4,720,381.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,725,430 describes the use of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, alone, or combined with one or more of magnesium sulfate,zinc acetate, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) cocamide and hexamethylenetetramine asstabilizers in ethanolic compositions.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,722,835 describes the use of basic metallic salts suchas calcium hydroxide and potassium carbonate as stabilizers forantiperspirant stick compositions. The compositions of the patentinclude 1 to 50% of what are described as small, polar organic andorganic compatible compounds such as morpholine, pyridine and aceticacid as well as ethanol, propanol and butanol. The compositions may alsocontain less reactive alcohols which are secondary or long chain primaryalcohols, such as isopropanol, isobutanol and 1,2-butylene glycol. Thecompositions are described as opaque.

Such stabilizing agents as have heretofore been utilized have not provedto be completely satisfactory principally due to discoloration and/orlack of clarity.

Other U.S. Patents describing the use of DBMSA as a gelling agentinclude 4,137,306; 4,154,816; 4,720,381; 4,781,917; 4,346,079;4,822,602; 4,822,603; and 4,816,261. Foreign patent documents whichrelate to such compositions include Japanese Patent Publication23170/88, which describes the use of urea as an anti-gelling agent, andEuropean Patent Applications 0272919 and 0274267.

Many of these patents describe the use of water and lower monohydricalcohols, such as ethanol, as solvents. Such solvents are best avoidedin gel stick compositions because sticks containing a high concentrationof alcohol have a tendency to shrink due to evaporation of the alcohol.Additionally, it is difficult to prepare a clear antiperspirant stickdue to the high temperatures required to solubilize DBMSA in alcohol.Water and ethyl alcohol are especially unsatisfactory solvents becausethey are very reactive, increase the rate of hydrolysis of DBMSA andheighten the almond odor. They also reduce stick hardness and increasetackiness.

As will be understood from the following description, the compositionsof this invention are substantially anhydrous and substantially loweraliphatic monohydroxy alcohol free and yet, are highly transparent i.e.clear. Small amounts of water and/or alcohol can be added to thecompositions of the present invention without adversely affectingstability. However, the compositions become more and more difficult tomanufacture if alcohol is present. Additionally, too much water maycause a loss of clarity. Thus, although operative, the inclusion ofalcohol and water in the compositions of the present invention is notpreferred.

"Substantially free" relative to the water and lower monohydroxyalcohols as used herein means the composition contains less than about5% and preferably 0% of such materials. The term does not include thepresence of bound water.

As used in this description and claims the term "stable" means thatsamples of the product, in stick form, when stored for one month at 104°F. will not exhibit a noticeable or objectionable benzaldehyde odor orcolor instability indicative of hydrolysis of DBMSA and will retainstick transparency and stick shape.

The term "lower aliphatic monohydroxy alcohols" means alcoholscontaining up to six carbon atoms such as methanol or ethanol.

The compositions of the present invention are transparent to thetransmission of light. By transparent is meant that sufficient lightpasses through the gel sticks of the present invention to enable anobserver to see without difficulty an image, e.g., lettering, placedimmediately behind and in contact with the gel stick.

The compositions of this invention take two principal forms. In oneform, they are useful for preparing antiperspirant sticks. In the other,they are useful for preparing deodorant sticks. For the former utility,they are principally characterized in that they contain anantiperspirant amount of an acidic antiperspirant soluble in thecomposition. For the latter utility, they contain up to about 8% of suchantiperspirant together with an odor masking perfume and/or anantibacterial agent.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Stable, substantially anhydrous (preferably anhydrous) and substantiallylower aliphatic monohydroxy alcohol free (preferably completely free)transparent, gelled, cosmetic compositions have now been discoveredwhich are gelled by DBMSA, may contain acidic antiperspirants, andutilize dihydroxy aliphatic alcohols containing 3 to 6 carbon atoms assolvents. In the compositions, the DBMSA is stabilized againsthydrolysis and the formation of benzaldehyde by the presence of astabilizing amount of a selected inorganic base. The pH of thecompositions is from about 3.5 to about 4.9, preferably 4.0 to 4.8.

The compositions of the invention will be employed in the same manner asother similar compositions. They may, for example, be formed into sticksand applied to the axilla to inhibit perspiration and/or odor.

In this disclosure and the appended claims, unless otherwise stated, allconcentrations are in weight percent based on the total weight of thecomposition.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The antiperspirant employed in the compositions of the invention may beany of the astringent, acidic, metallic salts generally utilized in suchcompositions provided that they are soluble in the compositions underthe conditions of use. Suitable products which may be mentioned by wayof example are aluminum chlorohydroxide, aluminum chloride, aluminumsesquichlorohydroxide, zirconyl hydroxychloride, and the aluminumchlorohydrol-propylene glycol complex (ACH-Propylene Glycol Complex).The last named product is commercially available, for example, asRehydrol II from Reheis Chemical Company. The preferred antiperspirantsare aluminum zirconium polychlorohydrates (especially when complexedwith glycine for example, aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate glycine)and the corresponding tetrachlorohydrate complex.

For antiperspirant compositions, the amount of antiperspirant employedwill be the same as normally employed in antiperspirant compositions.Such amount is described herein as an "antiperspirant quantity".Typically the amount will be on an active basis, from 8 to about 25%,preferably about 10 to about 16%.

For deodorant compositions the amount of antiperspirant may be less than8%.

Certain of the antiperspirant salts employed in the invention arestrongly acidic for example, aluminum chloride and zirconium hydroxychloride. They may be employed provided the pH of the composition isincreased to the desired range by the use of additional alkalinestabilizer or by the use of a buffer, suitably glycine.

Typical aluminum salts employed for the preparation of the compositionsof the invention may be represented by the formula:

    A1.sub.2 (OH).sub.6-n Cl.sub.n

in which n is from 0.8 to 2. In the preferred compound of the series nis 1. Such aluminum salts are available from Reheis Chemical Company.

The preferred antiperspirants of the invention, as stated above, arealuminum zirconium polychlorohydrate complexes with glycine. They may berepresented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein: (a) x is a number from 2to 10:

(b) z is a number from 3 to 8;

(c) y equals (3x+4)-z;

(d) the sum of y+z is a number from 10 to 34;

(e) m is a number from 0 to 12;

(f) n is a number from 0 to 3

y ordinarily will have a value of from about 5 to about 29.

As will be clear from the formula II, the glycine may be bound in thecomplex or it may be absent. The presence or absence of the glycine inthe complex will determine the amount of unbound glycine or other bufferthat may be incorporated in the composition to increase the pH to thedesired level.

A number of aluminum zirconium polychlorohydrate complexes known in theprior art are useful for the present purposes. By way of example, thefollowing may be mentioned along with their empirical formulas: aluminumzirconium tetrachlorohydrate (Al₄ Zr(OH)₁₂ Cl₄); aluminum zirconiumtetrachlorohydrate glycine (Dow Corning AZG-369) (Al₄ Zr(OH)₁₂ Cl₄ NH₂CH₂ COOH); aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate (Al₄ Zr(OH)₁₃ Cl₃ ;aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate glycine (Al₄ Zr(OH)₁₃ Cl₃ NH₂ CH₂COOH); aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate (Al₁₀ Zr(OH)₂₉ Cl₅);aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate glycine (Al₁₀ Zr(OH)₂₉ Cl₅ NH₂ CH₂COOH); aluminum zirconium octachlorohydrate (Al₁₆ Zr(OH)₁₄ Cl₈); andaluminum zirconium octachlorohydrate glycine (Al₁₆ Zr(OH)₁₄ Cl₈ NH₂ CH₂COOH). The aluminum zirconium polychlorohydrate complex can be mixedindividually with the ACH (alluminum chlorhydrate) and AlCl₃ 6H₂ O insolution or powder form or in various combinations thereof.

The Food and Drug Administration's OTC Panel On Antiperspirants hasadopted certain nomenclature and specifications for various aluminumzirconium polychlorohydrates that are useful in the present invention.These are set out in Table A below:

                  TABLE A                                                         ______________________________________                                        Panel Adopted                                                                              Metal-Halide  Al/Zr                                              Nomenclature Ratio Range   Ratio Range                                        ______________________________________                                        Aluminum zirconium                                                                         2.1 down to but not                                                                         2.0 up to but not                                  trichlorohydrate                                                                           including 1.5:1                                                                             including 6.0:1                                    Aluminum zirconium                                                                         1.5 down to and                                                                             2.0 up to but not                                  tetrachlorohydrate                                                                         including 0.9:1                                                                             including 6.0:1                                    Aluminum zirconium                                                                         2.1 down to but not                                                                         6.0 up to and                                      pentachlorohydrate                                                                         including 1.5:1                                                                             including 10.0:1                                   Aluminum zirconium                                                                         1.5 down to and                                                                             6.0 up to and                                      octachlorohydrate                                                                          including 0.9:1                                                                             including 10.0:1                                   ______________________________________                                    

A number of the aluminum zirconium polychlorohydrate complexes that areuseful in the present invention are available commercially. ReheisChemical Company promotes a series of materials under the generaltrademark REZAL™. The following Table describes a number of theseproducts together with their specifications:

                                      TABLE 1                                     __________________________________________________________________________    1 REZAL 36G Aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate Gly (soln.)                 2 REZAL 36 Aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate (pdr.)                         3 REZAL 67 Aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate (soln.)                      4 REZAL 67 Aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate (pdr.)                                  1      2       3      4                                            __________________________________________________________________________    Approx.    3.6:1  3.6:1   6.7:1  6.7:1                                        Al/Zr ratio                                                                   Approx.    1.4:1  1.6:1   1.7:1  1.7:1                                        metal/Cl ratio                                                                Concentration                                                                            35%    100%    40%    100%                                         of solids                                                                     Aluminum(Al)                                                                             5.0%-5.7%                                                                            16.3%-17.7%                                                                           7.6%-8.4%                                                                            19.0%-21.0%                                  Zirconium(Zr)                                                                            4.4%-5.7%                                                                            13.8%-15.2%                                                                           3.7%-4.3%                                                                             9.2%-10.8%                                  Glycine    3.6%-4.7%                                                                             --      --     --                                          Chloride(Cl)                                                                             5.9%-6.7%                                                                            16.0%-19.0%                                                                           6.5%-7.2%                                                                            16.2%-18.0%                                  Iron(Fe)   NMT 50 ppm                                                                           NMT 100 ppm                                                                           NMT 50 ppm                                                                           NMT 100 ppm                                  Heavy metals (as Pb)                                                                     NMT 10 ppm                                                                           NMT 20 ppm                                                                            NMT 10 ppm                                                                           NMT 20 ppm                                   Particle size                                                                             --     97% min.                                                                              --     97% min.                                    (thru 325 mesh)                                                               __________________________________________________________________________

Similar products are marketed by Dow Corning and the Westwood ChemicalCompany.

DBMSA GELLING AGENT

DBMSA is available commercially as Gell All-D from the New JapanChemical Co. Ltd., Osaka or as Millithix 925 from Milliken Chemical,Division of Milliken & Company. It is employed in an amount which willbe sufficient to gel the hereinafter described compositions. Althoughthere may be appreciable variation in the amount of DBMSA necessary toform a gel in a specific composition, it has been observed that fromabout 1.5 to 5%, preferably about 1.8 to 3.0%, is generally sufficient.

SOLVENT

Solvents and cosolvents for the compositions of the invention areemployed to solubilize the gellant, oils, surfactants and othercomponents of the compositions to produce miscible products which can beformed into transparent gels. They are selected from dihydroxy aliphaticalcohols containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms. These include, forexample, 1,3-propylene glycol; 1,2-propylene glycol; 1,3-butyleneglycol; 1,4-butylene glycol; and 1,5-dihydroxy pentane. The presentlypreferred solvent is 1,2-propylene glycol. The amount of solventemployed will be the quantity necessary to dissolve the antiperspirantin the presence of the other components of the compositions, althoughauxiliary solvents or cosolvents, other than water or lower monohydroxyalkanols, may be employed, as will be discussed below. Typically, thecompositions of the invention will contain from about 41% to about 75%,preferably about 51% to about 70%, of the dihydroxy alcohol solvent.

STABILIZER

The stabilizer is an essential component of the compositions of theinvention. Surprisingly, if the instant compositions do not contain therequired stabilizer, a gelled stick will not form. Inorganic alkalinereagents used in the practice of this invention include alkali andalkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates andtrivalent metallic hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide or aluminummagnesium hydroxide. These include, for example, sodium and potassiumhydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates as well as calcium and magnesiumoxides, hydroxides and carbonates, provided they are soluble in thecompositions. The preferred stabilizers are sodium and potassiumhydroxides and sodium bicarbonate because they are readily available atrelatively low cost and, because they work well. Typically, thestabilizer will be employed in a weight percent range of from about 0.1to 2.0, preferably 0.4 to 1.5. With sodium and potassium hydroxide, therange is 0.2 to 1.9, and the preferred range is 0.5 to 1.0. For sodiumbicarbonate the range is 0.1 to 2.0, preferably 0.5 to 1.8. Mixtures ofinorganic bases can be employed.

As will be seen from the examples, the stabilizer is mixed in to thecomposition before the DBMSA. This order of addition promotes theproduction of clear compositions.

The amount of stabilizer used in the compositions of the inventiondepends on the acidity of the antiperspirant salt and the basicity ofthe stabilizer. The more acidic salts require larger amounts of thealkaline stabilizer. When a more basic stabilizer is used lesser amountsof stabilizer are required for the same antiperspirant salt. The optimumratio of antiperspirant salt to stabilizer is readily determinable foreach formulation.

COSOLVENT

Cosolvents may be employed to assist in dissolving the components in thecompositions of the invention.

By far the most preferred cosolvent is dipropylene glycol, althoughother dihydroxy aliphatic ethers, containing from 6 to 10 carbon atomssuch as dibutylene glycol, may also be utilized. The cosolvents areparticularly useful for solubilizing the oils utilized in thecompositions of the invention and, especially, for reducing the need forhigh concentrations of surfactants which may cause skin irritation.Normally, a cosolvent will be employed if the composition contains morethan 1% oils. Cosolvents are typically employed at concentrations offrom about 0% to about 40%, preferably 10% to 25%.

CLARIFIERS AND DETACKIFIERS

The compositions may contain small amounts of one, or several,emollients, surfactants and other water insoluble components which mayadditionally function as auxilliary solvents to increase clarity or asantitacking agents to prevent stickiness of the compositions after theyhave dried on the skin surface. Emollients enhance the feel of thecompositions and the ease with which they can be applied. Emollientsinclude oils, lubricants and other materials used to enhance theproduct's organoleptics, as is well known in the art.

The compositions may additionally contain semipolar products which aresoluble or compatible with propylene glycol and which are known to thoseskilled in the art and can be utilized in the practice of thisinvention. Clear, liquid, semipolar emollients and surfactants arepresently preferred to attain improved clarity under all temperatureconditions.

One class of compounds meeting the above description is disclosed inU.S. Pat. No. 4,759,924. Certain of them are commercially availableunder the trade names PPG-5-Ceteth 20 (available as Procetyl AWS),PPG-3-Myreth-3, PEG-20-Laurate and Poloxamer 335.

The following Table lists other semipolar materials which may beemployed. They are identified by their trade names the CTFA DictionaryName and the commercial source of the material.

                  TABLE 2                                                         ______________________________________                                        Trade Name     CTFA Name        Source                                        ______________________________________                                        1.  Arosurf 66-E2  Isosteareth-2    Sherex                                    2.  Arlasolve 200  Isoceteth-20     ICI                                       3.  Dermol G-76    Glycereth-7-Benzoate                                                                           Alzo                                      4.  Brij 30        Laureth-4        ICI                                       5.  Arosurf 66PE12 PPG-3-Isosteareth-9                                                                            Sherex                                    6.  Cetiol HE      PEG-7-Glyceryl Cocoate                                                                         Henkel                                    7.  Aethoxal B     PPG-5-Laureth-5  Henkel                                    8.  Emulgin L      PPG-2-Ceteareth-9                                                                              Henkel                                    9.  Sandoxylate SX-408                                                                           PPG-2-Isoceteth-4                                                                              Sandoz                                    10. Sandoxylate SX-424                                                                           PPG-2-Isoceteth-12                                                                             Sandoz                                    ______________________________________                                    

Other useful materials having the desired properties which can beemployed in the invention include diisopropyl sebacate, myristyl lactateand isopropyl myristate.

Clarifiers and tackifiers as employed in the practice of this inventionare typically at a concentration level of from about 1.5% to about 12%,preferably 1.5% to 8%.

When desired, stick hardness can be improved by the addition of cetylalcohol. If employed, it will not be at amounts in excess of 1% in ordernot to adversely affect transparency. The cetyl alcohol if employed, isused in an amount up to about 1.0%, preferably 0.3 to 0.7%.

A small quantity of non-polar emollients may optionally be included inthe instant compositions. Suitable non-polar emollients include fattyacid esters and diesters, volatile silicones (cyclomethicone),dimethicone, vitamin E, natural oils and hydrocarbons such as isodecane.If a non-polar emmollient is employed, it is used in an amount up toabout 10%. At concentrations above this level, clarity of the stick maybe adversely affected. Typically useful emollients of this class aredisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,781,917.

BENZALDEHYDE SCAVENGER

As stated above, DBMSA tends to decompose in acid solution to producebenzaldehyde which imparts an undesirable odor or color. Suchdecomposition may be inhibited by increasing the basicity of thecompositions utilizing increased amounts of alkaline stabilizers. Thisis the preferred procedure. However, it may be useful to add smallamounts of a compound which will react with the benzaldehyde to producea colorless product which should also, of course, be substantiallyodorless. Such products are polyhydroxy aliphatic polyhydric alcoholscontaining 3 to 6 carbon atoms. They form acetals with the benzaldehyde.The preferred reactant is glycerin. Another useful product is sorbitol.If employed, the benzaldehyde scavenger will be at a concentration of upto about 10%. The preferred range is 0.2% to 5%. The term "polyhydroxy"is used herein to define aliphatic alcohols containing from 3 to 6carbon atoms and containing at least three hydroxyl groups. The term isused to distinguish the scavanger from the solvents and cosolvents.

THE PERFUMES

The perfumes normally employed in cosmetic compositions such as those ofthis invention may be employed herein if desired. Typical perfumes areillustrated in the examples. The concentration of perfume will typicallybe up to about2%, preferably from about 0.5% to 2%.

THE ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS

The antibacterial agents which may be utilized in the practice of thisinvention, if desired, will be the same as are normally employed incompositions of this nature. They include, for example, triclosan,benzethonium chloride and zinc phenolsulfonate. Typically, thecompositions may contain up to about 2% antibacterial agent, preferablyabout 0.1% to 1.5%.

The compositions may additionally contain coloring agents, botanicalsand other components normally employed in such compositions providedthey are compatible with the other components in the compositions.

An important factor in the stability and clarity of the products of thisinvention is the miscibility of the various components. It is important,therefore, that the antiperspirant be dissolved in the finalcomposition.

There are several procedures for assuring that the antiperspirant is insolution. These will be illustrated by reference to the preferredantiperspirant for use in the invention, namely aluminum zirconiumtetrachlorohydrate glycine-propylene glycol which is commerciallyavailable as Rezal 36 GPG.

Rezal 36 GPG is a powder which can be dissolved by heating in propyleneglycol to produce a 20% to 25% solution. The solution may be employed inan appropriate amount to produce the final composition.

Regular aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate glycine powder (Rezal 36GP), and other such products, are not normally soluble in propyleneglycol (e.g. Dow Corning AZG369 and Westchlcr ZR35B). However, aqueoussolutions containing from about 35% to 60% of an aluminum zirconiumpolychlorohydrate or a glycine complex can be dissolved in propyleneglycol for incorporation in the final formulation.

In the process, an aqueous solution of the antiperspirant (e.g. asolution at a concentration of about 50% to 60%) is mixed with aselected amount of propylene glycol and the water evaporated, suitablyby heating to produce a clear propylene glycol solution substantiallyfree of water. Sufficient propylene glycol should be employed so thatevaporation of substantially all of the water leaves a propylene glycolsolution containing the amount of antiperspirant salt required in thefinal antiperspirant composition.

The same propylene glycol solution may be prepared with the commerciallyavailable 50% aqueous antiperspirant solution.

Aluminum chlorohydroxide is available as a 50% aqueous solution whichcan be similarly converted to a propylene glycol solution of the desiredconcentration. The same is true of aluminum zirconiumtetrachlorohydrate-glycine 50% aqueous solutions, such as Rezal 36Gconcentrate, Westchlor ZR41 and Dow Corning AZGX 51226.

Typical processes by which the compositions of the invention areproduced are illustrated in the examples. Generally, heat is required tosolubilize the various ingredients. It has been observed that theoptimum time/temperature relationship for heating the antiperspirant andthe gelling agent is from about 215° F. to 240° F. for from about 5 toabout 60 minutes. However, with specific antiperspirants the optimumtime/temperature relationship may vary. Generally, with the A1/Zrpolychlorohydrates, it is best to use shorter times and lowertemperatures.

The compositions of this invention, when tested substantially asdescribed in Federal Register, Vol. 43, Number 196, Oct. 10, 1978, areas active as commercially available compositions containingsubstantially larger amounts of antiperspirant.

The following examples are given by way of illustration only and are notto be considered limitations of this invention, many apparent variationsof which may be made without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.

The examples illustrate an aspect of this invention which is veryimportant for the production of transparent gel sticks. In the processof the invention, preferably, formula amounts of the antiperspirant andthe stabilizing alkaline reagent are heated together in the formulaamount of the propylene glycol to produce a first mixture as a clearsolution. The DBMSA is then added to the first mixture. The othercomponents are mixed and heated separately to produce a second mixture.The two mixtures are then combined to produce the final product which iscooled and gelled in an appropriate mold, e.g. a mold suitable for theformation of a standard antiperspirant stick. It should be noted thatglycerin can be added after the DBMSA or into the first or secondmixture as desired. The key feature of the process is that the DBMSA beintroduced into a composition already containing the stabilizer. If thisis not done it is highly likely that the composition will not gel.

EXAMPLE 1

The following components were mixed, as described below, to prepare acomposition of this invention.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredient               % (W/W)                                              ______________________________________                                        Propylene Glycol         58.95                                                Al/Zr Tetrachlorohydrate Gly.- Propylene                                      Glycol Powder (Rezal 36GPG - Reheis)                                                                   12.00                                                Sodium Hydroxide - Pellets ACS grade                                                                   0.90                                                 Dibenzylidene Monosorbitol Acetal - 925                                                                2.50                                                 Glycerin USP             0.75                                                 Dipropylene Glycol       18.00                                                Glycereth-7-Benzoate     1.50                                                 PPG-3-Isosteareth-9      1.50                                                 PPG-3-Myristyl Ether     3.00                                                 FD&C Blue #1(0.1% Propylene Glycol Sol'n.)                                                             0.40                                                 Perfume                  0.50                                                                          100.00                                               ______________________________________                                    

1. Add 29.95 parts of Propylene Glycol to a suitable vessel equippedwith a Premier Mixer and a Cowles Dissolver. Heat to 200° F.

2. Add Al/Zr Tetrachlorohydrate Gly-Propylene Glycol Powder and mixuntil clear.

3. Add 29 parts of Propylene Glycol and Sodium Hydroxide to a separatevessel and heat to 240° F. Mix until clear.

4. Add Step 3 to Step 2 and heat to 240° F. while mixing.

5. Add Dibenzylidene Monosorbitol Acetal - 925 (sieved) slowly to thebatch and mix until clear. Add glycerin and mix for 15 minutes.

6. Cool the batch to 200° F.

7. Add Dipropylene Glycol, Glycereth-7-Benzoate, PPG-3-Isosteareth-9,PPG-3-Myristyl Ether and FD&C Blue #1 solution to a separate vessel andheat to 200° F.

8. Add Step 7 at 200° F. to Step 6 at 200° F. Cool to 175° F. to 180° F.while mixing.

9. Add perfume to batch at 175° F. to 180° F. and mix gently.

10. Pour the product into containers when the batch is 155° F. to 165°F.

EXAMPLE 2

A composition of the invention was prepared by mixing the followingingredients as described.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients            % (W/W)                                                ______________________________________                                        Propylene Glycol       63.57                                                  ACH - Propylene Glycol Complex                                                                       12.00                                                  (Rehydrol II-Reheis)                                                          Sodium Hydroxide Pellets, ACS grade                                                                  0.63                                                   Dibenzylidene Monosorbitol Acetal-925                                                                2.25                                                   Dipropylene Glycol     18.00                                                  Glycerin, USP          0.50                                                   Glycereth-7-Benzoate   0.75                                                   Dimethicone Copolyol - 193                                                                           1.50                                                   Color FD&C Blue #1 (0.1% Propylene                                                                   0.30                                                   Glycol Solution)                                                              Perfume                0.50                                                                          100.00                                                 ______________________________________                                    

1. Add 34.57% of the formula weight of Propylene Glycol into a suitablemixing vessel and begin to heat to 237°±3° F. Add ACH - Propylene GlycolComplex and mix with a Premier mixer attached with a Cowles dissolver.Continue mixing for the entire manufacturing process.

2. Add 29% of the formula weight of Propylene Glycol into a suitablemixing vessel and begin to heat to 237°±3° F. Add sodium hydroxide andmix until a clear solution is obtained. (Do not exceed 240° F.). Add tobatch at 237°±3° F. and mix batch rapidly for 15 minutes at 237°±3° F.

3. Add Dibenzylidene Monosorbitol Acetal 925 slowly to Batch at 237°F.±3° F. Maintain at 237° F. ±3° F. for 45 minutes while mixing rapidly.Cool batch to 210° F. while mixing gently.

4. Add Dipropylene Glycol, Glycerin, Glycereth-7-Benzoate, DimethiconeCopolyol-193, and FD&C Blue #1 (0.1% Propylene Glycol Solution) to aseparate vessel and heat to 210° F.

5. Add Step 4 ingredients to batch and cool to 180° F. while mixinggently.

6. Add perfume at batch temperature of 180° F. while mixing gently.

7. Pour into containers.

EXAMPLE 3

A third composition of the invention was prepared from the componentslisted using the procedure described below.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredient               % (W/W)                                              ______________________________________                                        Propylene Glycol         55.7                                                 Al/Zr Tetrachlorohydrate Gly- Propylene                                                                12.0                                                 Glycol Powder (Rezal 36GPG - Reheis)                                          Glycerin USP             1.0                                                  Sodium Bicarbonate Powder, USP                                                                         1.5                                                  Dibenzylidene Monosorbitol Acetal-925                                                                  2.5                                                  Dipropylene Glycol       15.0                                                 Isosteareth-2            2.0                                                  Ceteth-2                 1.0                                                  Cetyl Alcohol N.F.       0.5                                                  PPG-3-Myristyl Ether     4.0                                                  Diisopropyl Sebacate     2.0                                                  Myristyl Lactate         2.0                                                  FD&C Blue #1 (0.1% Propylene Glycol Soln.)                                                             0.3                                                  Perfume                  0.5                                                                           100.0                                                ______________________________________                                    

1. Heat the Propylene Glycol to 180° F.

2. Slowly add the A1/Zr Tetrachlorohydrate Gly - Propylene Glycol toPart 1 while mixing well with a Premier mixer attached with a CowlesDissolver until the batch is clear. Heat the clear mixture to 220° F.

3. When Part 2 has reached 220° F., add the Glycerin.

4. Divide the sodium bicarbonate into three portions. Very slowly addthe first portion to Part 3, which is under agitation. This will takeapproximately 10 minutes. When the batch is clear, add the next portionof sodium bicarbonate in the same manner. Heat the batch to 240° F.until all of the sodium bicarbonate has been added and the batch isclear.

5. Slowly add the Dibenzylidene Monosorbitol Acetal 925 to Part 4 andmix at 238°±2° F. until the batch is clear, heat the batch to 240° F.(about 15 minutes).

6. Cool the batch to 200° F.

7. In a separate container, mix and gently heat to 200° F., theDipropylene Glycol, Isosteareth-2, Ceteth-2, Cetyl Alcohol,PPG-3-Myristyl Ether, Diisopropyl Sebacate, Myrissyl Lactate, and FD&CBlue #1 (0.1% Solution in Propylene Glycol).

8. Add Part 7 to Part 6 (both at 200° F.) and mix well until the batchis homogeneous. Then cool the batch to 165°±5° F.

9. Add the perfume to Part 8 and mix well. At this point the gellingtemperature should be checked in a 30 ml. size beaker.

10. Pour the batch into containers at a temperature about 20° F. abovethe gelling temperature determined in Part 9.

EXAMPLE 4

The following components were mixed to prepare a composition of thisinvention useful for the preparation of deodorant sticks.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredient             % (W/W)                                                ______________________________________                                        Propylene Glycol       54.45                                                  ACH-Propylene Glycol Complex                                                                         6.00                                                   Glycerin               1.00                                                   Sodium Bicarbonate     0.80                                                   Dibenzylidene Monosorbitol Acetal-925                                                                2.20                                                   Dipropylene Glycol     25.00                                                  Isosteareth-2          2.00                                                   Ceteth-2               1.00                                                   Diisopropyl Sebacate   1.00                                                   Myristyl Lactate       1.00                                                   PPG-3-Myristyl Ether   4.00                                                   Triclosan              0.25                                                   FD&C Blue #1(0.1% P.G.)                                                                              0.30                                                   Perfume                1.00                                                                          100.00                                                 ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 5

A composition of the invention useful for the production of deodorantsticks was prepared by mixing the following ingredients:

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredient             % (W/W)                                                ______________________________________                                        ACH-Propylene Glycol Complex                                                                         6.00                                                   Propylene Glycol       57.35                                                  NaOH                   0.35                                                   Glycerin               0.75                                                   Dibenzylidene Monosorbitol Acetal-925                                                                3.00                                                   Dipropylene Glycol     25.00                                                  PPG-3-Isosteareth-9    1.50                                                   PPG-3-Myristyl Ether   3.00                                                   Glycereth-7-benzoate   1.50                                                   FD&C Blue #1(0.1% P.G.)                                                                              0.30                                                   Triclosan              0.25                                                   Perfume                1.55                                                                          100.00                                                 ______________________________________                                    

What is claimed is
 1. A stable, substantially anhydrous, transparent,gelled antiperspirant stick composition for application to human skin,said composition being substantially free of lower aliphatic monohydroxyalcohols and comprising by weight, based on the total weight of thecomposition:a: an effective antiperspirant amount of an acidic metallicantiperspirant salt soluble in the composition; b: from about 41% toabout 75% of a dihydroxy aliphatic alcohol solvent containing from 3 to5 carbon atoms; c: from about 0% to about 40% of a dihydroxy aliphaticether containing from 6 to 10 carbon atoms; d: an effective amount ofdibenzylidene monosorbitol acetal sufficient to gel the composition; e:from about 1.5% to about 12% of a clarifier and/or detackifier; f: fromabout 0% to about 10% of a polyhydroxy aliphatic alcohol containing from3 to 6 carbon atoms; g: from about 0% to about 1.0% of cetyl alcohol, h:from about 0.1% to about 2% of an alkaline stabilizer which is an alkalior alkaline earth metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate or bicarbonate or atrivalent metallic hydroxide, or mixtures thereof; i: from about 0% toabout 2% of an antibacterial agent; and j: from about 0% to about 2% ofa perfume.
 2. A composition as in claim 1 wherein the antiperspirant isaluminum zirconium polychlorohydrate glycine-propylene glycol.
 3. Acomposition as in claim 1 wherein the stabilizer is sodium hydroxide,sodium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide and the antiperspirant isaluminum zirconium polychlorohydrate glycinepropylene glycol.
 4. Acomposition as in claim 1 additionally containing from about 0.20% toabout 5.0% of glycerin.
 5. A stable, substantially anhydrous,transparent, gelled antiperspirant stick composition for application forhuman skin, said composition being substantially free of lower aliphaticmonohydroxy alcohols and comprising by weight, based on the total weightof the composition:a: an effective antiperspirant amount of an acidicmetallic antiperspirant salt soluble in the composition; b: from about51% to about 70% of a dihydroxy aliphatic alcohol solvent containingfrom 3 to 5 carbon atoms; c: from about 0% to about 40% of a dihydroxyaliphatic ether containing from 6 to 10 carbon atoms; d: an effectiveamount of dibenzylidene monosorbitol acetal sufficient to gel thecomposition; e: from about 1.5% to about 8% of a clarifier and/ordetackifier; f: from about 0.2% to about 5% of a polyhydroxy aliphaticalcohol containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms; g: from about 0% to about1.0% of cetyl alcohol, h: from about 0.4% to about 1.5% of an alkalinestabilizer which is an alkali or alkaline earth metal oxide, hydroxide,carbonate or bicarbonate or a trivalent metallic hydroxide, or mixturesthereof;
 6. A composition as in claim 5 wherein the antiperspirant isaluminum zirconium polychlorohydrate glycine-propylene glycol.
 7. Acomposition as in claim 5 wherein the stabilizer is sodiumhydroxide,sodium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide and the antiperspirant isaluminum zirconium polychlorohydrate glycinepropylene glycol.
 8. Acomposition as in claim 5 additionally containing from about 0.2% toabout 5.0% glycerin.